EVOLUTION OF RISK FACTORS FOR NON-COMMUNICABLE CHRONIC DISEASES IN THE POPULATION OF GOIÂNIA: 2019 AND 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Brazil is undergoing an epidemiological transition, with an increase in non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) at the expense of infectious diseases. Given this, it is essential to monitor the risk factors for NCDs in locations such as Goiânia. Objective: To compare the risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases in the capital of Goiás in 2019 and 2023. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. The research used data from the VIGITEL system for the years 2019 and 2023, collected through telephone interviews with adults in Goiânia. Results: There was an increase in smokers, especially among women, although the prevalence remained higher among men. A reduction in passive smoking at home was observed; however, exposure to passive smoking in the workplace remained concerning. Additionally, overweight increased, although obesity decreased. Both the intake of healthy foods and ultra-processed foods declined. Furthermore, insufficient physical activity decreased. Excessive alcohol consumption increased among men and decreased among women. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus increased, particularly among women, while systemic arterial hypertension remained stable. Conclusion: Statistical calculations indicated that the analyzed variables did not change significantly, suggesting shortcomings in the fight against NCDs. Therefore, the risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases remain a challenge for Goiânia.