EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF CASES OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN THE MACRO-REGION OF SOBRAL BETWEEN 2012 AND 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is transmitted by the genus Phlebotomus’s and Lutzomiya’s female mosquito’s bite and presents unspecific symptoms. Methodology: A descriptive epidemiologic study on a populational basis took place using the data collected on VL in Macroregion of Sobral between the years od 2012 and 2022. In the DATASUS platform, through the “Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação” (System of Information and Grievances of Notification), data was collected and then analysed using the tables generated by the TabWin32. Results: The number of confirmed cases in the time analyzed was 936, with an average of 87 cases/year and incidence coefficient of 5,19 cases/100,000 habitants. There was a predominance of cases in the adult age group, with male superiority. The lethality coefficient was 5.66%, while the cure was 53.84%. A remarkable predominance was found among brown individuals, 83.5%. A higher prevalence in elementary school was observed. Discussion: The incidence coefficient of VL has presented a decline tendency lately. This decrease might have happened by more efficient surveillance actions, diagnosis, treatment and promotion of educational actions on health. Conclusion: Socioeconomic factors were evidenced to corroborate to a higher transmissibility of the disease, thus groups with lower schooling and higher marginalization rates presented higher incidence.Therefore, with the research data, it will be possible to implement more robust health strategies.