METABOLIC COMPLICATIONS RELATED TO PARENTERAL NUTRITION THERAPY IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the metabolic complications related to the administration of parenteral nutritional therapy (PNT) and its relationship with the clinical outcome of hospitalized patients. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study carried out with patients admitted to a public hospital that is a reference in urgent and emergency care in the city of Goiânia from September 2020 to February 2021. Data collection was performed by consulting electronic medical records. Information was collected after the first day of PN use until the clinical outcome - discharge, death or discontinuation of PN. Results: The sample consisted of 28 patients using parenteral nutrition at the hospital during the data collection stage. Of these patients, most were male, with a mean age of 46.78 years. The most frequent indications for the use of parenteral nutritional therapy were acute and postoperative rest. The most prevalent complications were hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, uremia and hyponatremia, and the most frequent clinical outcome was death. A relationship was found between clinical outcome and the presence of hypernatremia (p=0.010), with hospital discharge occurring exclusively in those patients who did not have hypernatremia. And there was still a marginal relationship (p=0.053) between clinical outcome and place of hospitalization, with death being more frequent in those admitted to the intensive care unit. Conclusion: There was no significant association between PNT and metabolic complications. However, there was a relationship between hypernatremia and mortality, the latter being more prevalent in patients hospitalized in ICUs. The most prevalent metabolic complication was hypokalemia.