FOOD SELECTIVITY AND AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental conditions. Among the frequent alterations, food selectivity stands out, being associated with sensory changes and restrictive and repetitive behavioral patterns. Objective: To present evidence on the relationship between food selectivity and ASD. Methods: A narrative review of original articles published in the last five years was conducted using the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) Web of Science and PubMed databases, employing the descriptors “autism spectrum disorder” and “food selectivity.” Results: Food selectivity was identified as a factor that compromises diet quality in children with ASD. A higher consumption of high-calorie and ultra-processed foods and a lower intake of fiber, fruits, and vegetables were observed compared to neurotypical children, in addition to associations with nutritional inadequacies and a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity. Discussion: The findings indicate that food selectivity is related to sensory and behavioral characteristics of ASD, influencing dietary patterns and contributing to nutritional imbalances, reinforcing the importance of individualized dietary management strategies. Conclusion: Food selectivity in children with ASD is multifactorial and associated with nutritional risks and excess weight. Early identification and appropriate interventions are essential to minimize impacts on health and child development.